As the demand for low-cost, high-quality healthcare continues to rise, providers in the U.S. — where healthcare costs are the highest in the world but healthcare outcomes do not necessarily follow suit — are increasingly moving away from fee-for-service (FFS) models and toward managed care.
There are major differences between the U.S. healthcare system and that of the European Union. But much as it is in the rest of the world, per capita healthcare spending in Europe is soaring (see Figure 1). While it is still relatively early days when it comes to the development of managed care, L.E.K. Consulting thinks there are important lessons that EU providers can learn from the U.S. experience, and that those lessons can be modified and applied to suit their individual countries’ healthcare markets. In light of our extensive experience in the healthcare sector — and more specifically, managed care — we help providers assess their current capabilities and provide them with organizational strategies to develop those capabilities in order to implement managed care services that meet their regions’ unique needs.
A broad spectrum of managed care models
Managed care comprises a wide range of care models that differ based on their level of population/risk covered and the breadth of coverage/integration (see Figure 2).
Using U.S. care models as a template, we have created three categories in our framework:
- Value-based/outcome-based vendors
- Managed care vendors
- Population health managers
In the U.S., there is a strong trend already underway — distancing from FFS and moving toward a range of managed care models. Most notably, the share of value- and outcome-based models is increasing significantly. In Europe, however, while the trend toward managed care is slower than in the U.S., healthcare systems are starting to experiment with innovative managed care and value-based payment models to improve patient experience, care quality and cost (see Figure 3).
Managed care programs offer numerous benefits
Geisinger, a U.S.-based integrated payer and provider, is a good example of how managed care programs can lead to high-quality care at a low cost. The company reduced costs associated with unnecessary inpatient care by 7%-8% by offering home care services to support healthy behaviors, preventive measures and disease management; optimizing care for acute interventions and chronic diseases through value-based or disease management services; and ensuring care quality and efficiency when patients are moving between different care settings.
Meanwhile, initial results of innovative U.K. and German care models have also shown improvements in outcomes and costs, as have novel care models in Nordic countries such as Sweden and Denmark.
In the Region of Southern Denmark, the SAM:BO initiative — a joint care strategy for the management of chronic disease and patients with complex needs — was applied to four hospitals and 800 practitioners. The initiative focused on developing care pathways, integrating care service delivery and effectively transitioning between care settings. It has since been credited with increased patient satisfaction and shorter hospital stays in the Region of Southern Denmark as compared with the rest of the country.
In Sweden, the “Norrtaelje model” was developed to provide different care paths for older people. It required organizational changes within providers, including a focus on establishing care management teams, hiring care coordinators and ensuring effective transitions between care settings. After the model was fully implemented, the total cost of elderly care declined to a level lower than the country’s overall average and those of other regions of a similar size.
These examples highlight why providers should invest in new care models regardless of location or their country’s operating/existing healthcare system.
Consider local market dynamics
To help providers decide whether to invest in managed care services, we have developed a scoring tool that covers 14 yes-or-no questions related to internal capabilities, changes in the regulatory environment, and competitive dynamics around hospitals, providers and payers (see Figure 4).
Providers that answer yes to 10 or more of the questions should take the lead and invest in managed care capabilities, while those that answer yes to between six and nine questions should consider a slower adoption in the form of managed care pilots. For those providers that answer yes to five or fewer questions, partnership options with more experienced providers or payers are likely more suitable than investing directly in managed care capabilities, at least for now.
Certain key capabilities are required
Once a provider has evaluated its national healthcare system and decided to invest in managed care, it must develop a number of key capabilities in order to implement managed care service lines (see Figure 5):
- Care management optimization
- Risk management
- Partner identification and integration
- Clinician engagement
- Patient engagement
- Digital infrastructure and data management
We have significant experience helping healthcare providers across countries and settings optimize their operating models along these dimensions. Our work with payers and providers in the U.S. market means we also understand the benefits — and risks — of moving toward managed care models. Through our understanding of European healthcare systems, we are able to translate key learnings and adjust them as needed.
Now is the time for European providers to consider managed care. We can help your organization ask the right questions, identify key capability gaps and build the infrastructure required to support an effective managed care model in your country.
Contact
What the EU Can Learn About Managed Care From the US was produced by Ben Faircloth, Partner at L.E.K. Consulting. For more information, please contact healthcare@lek.com.
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