2021亚太地区医院调研:适应新常态


关键点

  • 新冠大流行对医院的运营产生了深远影响,为医疗器械和制药企业带来了新的挑战和机遇,同时还增强了企业的弹性
     
  • 为了应对新冠疫情所带来的影响,医院的工作重点开始转向应急准备和改善资金状况。医疗器械和制药企业将会看到,与新冠疫情暴发前相比,医院将会更加重视成本控制,对预算的直接和即时影响也会更加敏感

  • 能够迅速调整战略、加速使用数字医疗解决方案和数字通信工具并为医院提供更好的支持的企业将会迎来新机遇

  • 在这一前所未有的时期,只有适应客户需求、创造双赢,企业才能成为新时代的赢家


L.E.K.在其2021亚太地区医院调研中对411位来自亚太地区国家1的公营和民营医院医院管理层进行了问卷调查。我们与GRG Health共同合作,实地开展并完成了本次调研2。据此,我们在本报告中对医院运营快速变化的格局进行和亚太地区的主要趋势进行了阐述,对亚太地区各医院如何应对新冠大流行进行了总结和分析,并针对新冠疫情如何影响医院未来的优先考量因素提出了相关洞见。

我们从调研中发现并总结出以下趋势:

  • 为控制新冠疫情的影响,医院的优先考量因素发生变化

  • 加速使用数字医疗解决方案,以扩大医院的收治容量,提高临床决策水平

  • 通过数字渠道与医生进行互动

本报告中,我们还对中国通过带量采购和国家医保谈判以及日本通过引入医院处方指南来控制药品价格的做法进行了阐述。

新冠疫情的突然暴发曾让医院措手不及,病毒所引起的大流行也对医院的运营产生了深远影响。面对这样的情况,医院自然更加重视未来的应急准备。同时,稳定资金状况、保证院内医务人员的安全也成为医院的重点。此前医院管理层强调要为临床医生提供新的医疗技术、实现临床医疗服务规程的标准化。然而随着疫情得到控制,这些工作的优先程度下降,医院转而更加注重做好应急准备和改善资金状况。医疗器械和制药企业将会看到,与新冠疫情暴发前相比,医院将会更加重视成本控制,对预算的直接和即时影响也会更加敏感。

在亚太地区,医院最重视的三项工作是做好应急准备、改善资金状况以及保证医务人员的安全(图1),其中应急准备一直以来都是重点。许多国家在疫情初期都能够对新冠病毒的传播加以控制,但还是避免不了被后续暴发的更加难以控制的疫情所打击。

未来三年,医院开支预计将会减少。由于持续的不确定性,计划增加支出的医院比例从30%-40%下降至15%-25%。总体而言,亚太地区大多数医院的支出计划与去年相比更为保守,其中澳大利亚和中国医院的支出计划与往年相比并没有太大变化。平均而言,两国均有40%左右的医院打算增加所有项目的支出。除了应对疫情,亚太地区国家还一直在努力控制医疗成本。有关中日两国管控药品价格的具体政策案例,请参阅第5页 的专题内容。

Figure 1

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Figure 1

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此外,新冠疫情还导致医院的择期手术量和病人问诊次数减少,进而使医院收入受到影响,未来患者数量也还面临诸多不确定性。随着限制的减少和医院标准操作流程的实施,部分择期手术和门诊医疗服务得以恢复,但医院仍然无法预测未来感染病例是否会激增。一旦疫情高峰再次出现,医院的运营和优先考量事项也会随之发生变化。今年医院减少了医疗器械和设备,特别是医学影像诊断设备以及小部分支持性临床设备相关的资本支出。与去年的调研结果相比,预计未来三年资本支出会增加的医院数量有所减少。然而,并非所有医疗设备类别的情况都是如此,近7 / 10的受访者预计医院将增加医疗耗材相关的支出,而上一年只有半数的受访者持同样的看法。同样,与前一年相比,更多的医院计划增加植入式医疗设备的支出。

医院正在计划处理积压的延期手术。例如:在澳大利亚,由于大量患者在新冠疫情消退后回到医院就诊,非紧急的择期手术的等待时间增加到240至365天。3,4医院正在向其商业伙伴寻求帮助以应对此类挑战;三分之一的受访者表示提高效率是他们最希望医疗器械公司提供帮助的三个领域之一。这与医院总体的优先事项是一致的,52%的医院将提高人工效率列入其前五大优先事项。医院还表示,数字解决方案的使用有所增加,我们将在接下来的部分对此展开讨论。

新冠疫情限制了患者的出行和流动,同时患者也担心会在医院感染新冠肺炎,这些因素都促使所有利益相关者对数字医疗有了更高的接受度,远程问诊、人工智能(AI)辅助的医学影像分析、远程患者监测等解决方案被加速使用。尽管数字医疗解决方案的价值已经得到证实,但医院仍有诸多担忧,例如:医院可能需要改变诊疗标准,并确保不同数字医疗工具间的兼容性,才能让数字医疗被广泛地接受和使用。

新冠疫情促使医院更愿意尝试新的解决方案。与医院相比,患者更容易接受数字医疗解决方案作为传统医疗服务的替代。同时政府也看到了使用此类替代方案的好处,因此对数字医疗解决方案的监管越来越宽松,报销也越来越完善。5,6

Figure 2

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Figure 2

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总体而言,医院正在越来越多地使用数字医疗解决方案来加强其医疗服务(图2),澳大利亚、中国和新加坡约有四分之一的医院已经在诊断、治疗、远程患者监测和问诊中使用此类工具。在日本,目前使用数字医疗解决方案的医院比例仍然较低,但也有半数左右的医院正在试点中,或者对此类工具感兴趣。

近期被用来解决诊疗患者激增问题的一些数字医疗解决方案包括:中国推想医疗科技公司推出的医学影像分析人工智能工具,该工具能够帮助识别潜在的新冠患者;还有医疗科技公司Biofourmis的远程患者监测工具,该工具能够实时监测等待咽拭子检测结果的患者的生命体征和症状;另外,为了防止医务人员与感染患者接触,印度尼西亚和印度医院使用了机器人助手来帮助运送食品和药物。

近期被用来解决诊疗患者激增问题的一些数字医疗解决方案包括:中国推想医疗科技公司推出的医学影像分析人工智能工具,该工具能够帮助识别潜在的新冠患者;还有医疗科技公司Biofourmis的远程患者监测工具,该工具能够实时监测等待咽拭子检测结果的患者的生命体征和症状;另外,为了防止医务人员与感染患者接触,印度尼西亚和印度医院使用了机器人助手来帮助运送食品和药物。

Figure 3

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Figure 3

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尽管数字医疗解决方案的使用越来越多,但仍然存在一些问题,这些问题主要集中在三个方面:医院需调整数字医疗的诊疗标准、不同解决方案的兼容性差、对患者隐私的保护不完善(图4)。

Figure 4

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Figure 4

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其中,亚太地区医院最担忧的问题是调整目前的诊疗标准,使之与数字医疗解决方案更好地结合。在传统的医疗条件下,患者需要在实体医院接受医疗服务。然而,随着医疗服务地点的转移和新的解决方案(例如:具备心电图功能的智能手表、远程监测解决方案、家庭检测工具包)的出现,现在患者可以在和医生分隔两地的情况下享受医疗服务。因此,医院必须对工作流程和规范进行调整,以适应这些变化。

亚太地区医院最担忧的第二个重要问题是不同数字医疗解决方案的兼容性。数字医疗公司通常会通过专有系统或者其他开放系统来开发解决方案,每个公司捕捉和存储数据的方式存在差异,因此数据的集成和通信会受到影响。为了确保正在开发的解决方案能够与其他系统整合,供应商应该根据一定的兼容标准来展开开发工作。

亚太地区医院最担忧的第三个问题是对患者隐私的保护不完善。新加坡和澳大利亚等国家已经发生过此类数据泄露的事件,因此企业必须对亚太地区的监管政策加以重视。为了降低此类风险,亚太地区国家正在加强监管,对患者数据进行保护。印度尼西亚新加坡泰国政府最近也采取了相关措施。

数字医疗技术不断普及,医疗器械和制药企业必须与利益相关者们不断展开合作,共同开发产品和服务,以解决目前存在的关键问题(对患者隐私的保护不完善、不同数字产品的兼容性差等)。随着医疗服务场所的不断延伸或转移,工作流程的改变还需考虑到客户(患者、医院、医生、社区医疗机构等)偏好的变化以及数字工具的使用情况。再加上越来越多的患者正在加强自身健康管理,新的数字平台的数据和后台必须要能够与已有的系统兼容,且便于使用。

新冠疫情期间,销售代表被限制进入医院,通过数字渠道与医生互动的案例越来越多。大部分恢复情况较好的亚太国家市场预计将在2021年年底恢复“正常”。然而在中国和日本,这些对销售代表进入医院的限制预计将会继续存在(图5)。

“新常态”下,数字化通信渠道的使用率可能会高居不下。在所有参与调研的亚太国家市场中,有超过20%的医院已经在使用数字工具与制药和医疗器械公司互动。在韩国、澳大利亚和新加坡,这一比例甚至接近40%。其他非常规渠道也发挥了重要作用,医生和销售代表使用的非常规渠道通常是较为普遍的社交软件,例如:中国的微信、泰国的LINE和韩国的Kakao Talk。这反过来促进了这些沟通渠道的常规化,例如官方微型网站和微信小程序就已经得到了较多使用。

Figure 5

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Figure 5

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随著数字化通信渠道的使用增加,医疗器械和制药企业必须重新审视其销售运营模式,更宽泛地说是调整市场进入策略。例如,远程销售模式能够在减少销售人员出行的同时帮助扩大地域市场覆盖范围。这样的策略可以提高效率和成本效益,扩展客户范围,提高客户满意度,同时让医院、患者和企业都从中获益。医疗器械企业,尤其是销售尖端设备的医疗器械企业,需向客户提供上手指导和支持,他们在利用数字工具提供相关服务时需进行一定程度的创新,例如通过增强现实(AR)或虚拟现实(VR)技术模拟和示范操作过程,使医生获得身临其境的指导服务。

由于面对面的交流受到极大限制,且存在不确定性,相关企业正在调整他们与客户互动的策略。跨国企业正在使用的一些策略包括利用增强现实(AR)或虚拟现实(VR)技术来模拟设备上手培训、通过专题微型网站收录信息等。这些信息可以根据需求有针对性地与目标客户共享,例如:初级医师更偏好能够帮助其提高基本手术技能的内容,而高级医师则对更复杂的手术技术和病例更感兴趣。这些信息必须根据所使用的策略、所针对的医疗机构及其所服务的患者群体进行调整,以适应不同用户的需求和偏好。

尽管新冠疫情仍未结束,中国和日本政府控制药品价格的努力却并未停滞。L.E.K.针对中国的带量采购和国家医保谈判政策及其影响提出了系列洞见。日本政府最近也宣布了一系列措施,以进一步推动更多的医院制定药品处方集,并增加仿制药和生物类似药的使用。

日本厚生劳动省最近承诺将在2022年制定药品处方指南,医院认为,缺乏指导方针和人力资源17,18是阻碍其制定药品处方集的主要因素之一。通过这种方式,日本政府旨在进一步鼓励仿制药和生物类似药的使用,L.E.K.的研究数据也证实了这两种趋势。仿制药是医院采购标准化进程的第二大优先事项,仅次于医疗耗材。此外,既有原研药又有生物仿制药的医院中有六成更偏好生物仿制药。

中国正在持续和加速利用带量采购让制药和医疗器械企业降低产品价格。有证据显示,带量采购能够使产品价格下降90%甚至更多。

随着制药和医疗器械公司将营销成本降到最低,更低的价格成为可能。医药行业内的带量采购相对较为成熟,L.E.K的分析显示,制药公司明显削减了带量采购药物的营销投入(销售人员拜访次数减少63%),这也意味着相关企业需要采取成本效益更高的营销方式。相比而言,带量采购的中标产品将占据相关产品70%的市场份额,而未中标产品的市场将十分有限。这与带量采购实施之前原研或进口药往往既能获得价格溢价,又能获得较高的市场份额的情况形成了鲜明对比。

药物集中带量采购所节省的成本,反过来又能让更多创新药物更快地进入国家医保谈判。为了通过谈判进入医保,企业会大幅降低药品价格以换取市场准入。国家医保谈判加快了创新药物进入市场的速度,但谈判成功的药物不一定能立即进入医院(图6)。事实上,药物进院仍然面临一定的障碍,医院处方可能会外流(图7)。如何有效占领医院以外的市场已成为许多跨国制药企业面临的关键问题。

Figure 6

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Figure 6

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Figure 7

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Figure 7

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亚太地区的医疗服务环境正在迅速发展,且存在其独特的不确定性。医疗器械和制药企业在制定未来战略时必须解决一系列关键问题:

  • 新冠疫情对您的客户产生了哪些影响?他们优先考量的事项、财务状况、支出模式以及采购行为有何变化?哪些变化是暂时的,哪些可能是永久的?

  • 这些变化对您的产品和服务组合有何影响?您的公司在哪些方面做得更好?在哪些方面的定位不够好?您如何做到扬长补短?您如何在这个前所未有的时期与客户实现双赢?

  • 数字化进程有何影响?就医疗服务的地点和方式而言,客户有何偏好?目前已经出现了一系列诊断和治疗方法,您应该如何应对?

  • 鉴于患者对医院和其他医疗机构的偏好不断变化,您在各个市场,尤其是在受新冠疫情影响较大的市场的商业模式需要作何调整?您如何将数字工具融入到您的商业模式中?

  • 中国的集中带量采购和国家医保谈判政策以及日本的集中采购和药品处方集的实施会对您的产品和服务组合以及与客户互动的策略产生什么样的影响?您的规划和能力的发展方向会如何变化?

  • 亚太国家市场非常多元化,且在不断快速变化,企业如何才能致胜成为市场领导者?如何根据市场变化做出调整,继续为医务工作者及其患者创造价值?

2020年,亚太地区的医疗体系经受了新冠疫情带来的各项考验,目前的前景尚不明朗。随着该地区的医疗生态系统进入“新常态”,把脉医院管理层的决策方向将继续成为医疗器械和制药公司的致胜关键。

致谢 感谢GRG Health对调研所作出的贡献。

尾注

1亚太市场包括澳大利亚、中国、印度、印度尼西亚、日本、新加坡、韩国和泰国 
2GRG Health是一个在医疗领域具备丰富经验的研究机构
3https://www.watoday.com.au/politics/western-australia/crisis-point-covid-19-blamed-as-wa-hospital-ramping-hours-reach-new-record-20201208-p56lp9.html
4https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/hip-and-knee-replacements-overdue-as-nsw-starts-on-surgery-backlog-20201207-p56ld7.html
5https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/organisations/health-professionals/services/medicare/mbs-and-telehealth 
6https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/insure/health-insurance/3-changes-in-health-insurance-from-oct-1-that-will-help-policy-holders/articleshow/76770101.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst
7https://pj.jiho.jp/article/243496
8https://pj.jiho.jp/article/241030

Chinese, Simplified

2021亚太地区医疗行业的数字化就绪指数


Chinese, Simplified

新冠疫情下的消费保健品行业:驱动长期增长的三大趋势


关键点

  • 新冠疫情爆发以来,消费者对健康保健的态度发生了根本性的改变,以下三个趋势可能将会长期存在:更加注重自我护理、更关注心理健康和幸福感、更看重服务的便利性。

  • 这为消费保健品公司带来了大量机会,但同时它们也需要做出相应调整,以在后疫情时代的“新常态”中形成自己的竞争优势。

  • 相关公司必须考量的4大关键举措包括:加大对消费者的教育力度、审视自身产品组合、重新考量渠道策略、提高市场营销能力。

  • 要想在新时代获得成功,企业必须以新的眼光审视他们当前的战略和创新。

  • 本期L.E.K.领袖视角对这些问题进行了分析,旨在为消费保健品公司在后疫情时代的发展提供路线图。


新冠病毒引起的疾病大流行正在持续不断地为医疗、教育、金融、商业以及整个社会带来空前挑战,消费者对工作、旅游、社交以及健康保健的态度和他们的行为方式正在发生根本性的改变。最危机的时期结束后,医疗行业中的部分趋势可能会随之消失,但也有一部分趋势可能会长期存在,并推动“新常态”下消费保健品公司及品牌的收入和利润增长。在本文中,我们对健康保健市场中的三个主要趋势进行了研究:更加注重(1)自我护理、(2)心理健康和幸福感、(3)消费便利性。我们认为,消费保健品公司必须迅速采取行动,包括加大对消费者的教育力度、审视自身产品组合、重新考量渠道策略、提高市场营销能力,以从最新的市场动态中获利,并在后疫情时代形成竞争优势。

趋势一:自我护理

人口老龄化和越来越高的创新药物价格为许多医疗系统带来了难以承受的压力,在这种情况下,疾病预防和自我健康管理变得越来越重要,甚至在新冠疫情爆发前就已经得到重视。越来越多的证据表明,新冠疫情的爆发更是加速了自我护理趋势的发展。世界卫生组织(WHO)对自我护理的定义是“个人、家庭和社区促进健康、预防疾病、保持健康以及应对疾病和残疾的能力,无论是否有卫生保健提供者的支持”。 2020年夏天在德国、意大利、西班牙和英国进行的一项调查显示,有65%的人更倾向于在日常决策时考虑到自身健康因素,多达80%的人会进行自我护理,以减轻医疗系统的压力。

越来越多的消费者开始具备健康意识,自我护理领域因此受到影响。首先,健康意识起始水平相对较低的人群越来越渴望得到相关教育。这些教育更可能来自药剂师,也可能来自网络,因为消费者往往认为这些信息来源更值得信赖。消费保健品公司所扮演的角色也会越来越重要,尤其是在与品牌无关的疾病管理教育和自身品牌的使用沟通方面。然而,为了避免让消费者获得过多信息或出现信息混乱和错误的情况,相关企业应该加强与政府机构、药剂师以及其他行业参与者的合作——在新冠疫情防控方面的协调可以更好。

 

其次,营养类产品的细分市场预计将会持续增长,例如维生素和膳食补充剂(VDS),尤其是那些能够帮助提高免疫力的产品。欧睿2020年的一项调查显示,有相当比例的受访者声称服用维生素和膳食补充剂是为了促进免疫系统健康(而不是为了美容、皮肤健康或放松)。非处方药的总销量也有可能继续上升。新冠疫情爆发后,许多欧洲消费者还打算储备非处方药(OTC)

第三,多项研究显示超重或肥胖是导致新冠发病率或死亡率增加的因素之一。因此在最近几个月,政府和消费者对体重管理和个人健康的关注程度显著上升。例如,英国于2020年7月推出了一项新的“肥胖战略”,敦促人们“减肥并抗击新冠病毒”。同时,消费者对身体健康和体重管理的兴趣明显增加。在新冠疫情期间,英国使用相关设备(例如重训器材、健身垫)进行健身的人数增加了两倍;健身服和跑鞋的销量增长了近40%。另一个值得注意的趋势是,相关的封锁措施导致健身房关闭,越来越多的人进行自我隔离,在线健身活动因此增加。一项研究发现,在YouTube网站上,居家健身视频的观看人数增长了近20倍

创新体重管理应用(例如:Noom)的使用也有所增加,这些应用能够提供个性化服务,包括膳食计划、卡路里计算以及一对一的医疗指导课程。消费者的行为有时很难发生永久性的改变,但新冠疫情可能会使新的消费习惯在后疫情时代得以固化。健康和健身行业相关的公司必须更新他们的产品价值主张,以满足消费者“随时随地健身”的需求。

最后,自我护理意识的提高也促使消费者对家庭诊断的接受度越来越高。BinaxNOW 是雅培公司的新冠病毒快速检测试剂盒,大小仅相当于一张信用卡,使用方便,不需要任何仪器辅助。美国食品药品管理局(FDA)对其进行了紧急使用授权,这对美国的家庭诊断起到了极大的推动作用。一项调查显示,多达50%的受访者对家庭诊断工具的使用持开放态度,包括用以识别未来健康风险的基因检测,用以血液健康检测和感染诊断的工具,还有通过邮寄粪便样本以确定个性化营养选择的工具包。这一趋势预计还将促进其他家庭测试工具的使用,例如包括23andme在内的直接面向消费者的DNA测试等。

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OTC medicine use
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OTC medicine use

对于新冠病毒所引起的疾病大流行,人们一直聚焦于病毒所引起的身体疾病,但现在新冠疫情所引起的心理健康问题也得到了越来越多的关注,造成心理健康问题的因素包括“新冠长期症状”、长期的社交隔离和孤独、经济前景不断恶化造成的财务不安全感等。最近多项研究表明人们的心理健康状态的确有所下滑。其中一项研究指出,美国四分之三的受访者正在遭受新冠疫情带来的心理困扰,超过50%的人感到焦虑或抑郁。在另一项调查中,网民更关心新冠疫情对心理健康的影响(31%)而不是新冠疫苗的进展(29%)。最后,谷歌趋势的数据显示,与焦虑和恐慌相关的搜索量显著增加。

政府和其他支付者、非营利组织、职场和私营部门对心理健康的关注也达到了前所未有的水平。多个组织发起了提高心理健康意识的运动和倡议。世界卫生组织、美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)和英国国家卫生服务体系(NHS)等机构都发表了指导意见,以帮助应对新冠带来的心理疾病问题。消费品品牌也在社交媒体平台上对心理健康资源以及关于心理健康的讨论进行推广,以触达目标消费者。

在维他命和膳食补充剂市场中,标榜“缓解压力”或“镇静”的非处方药正成为主流行业参与者和小型高端品牌的目标。美国自然之宝(Nature’s Bounty)推出了一款缓解焦虑和压力的产品(Anxiety and Stress Relief),其中含有的茶氨酸能够“支持大脑情绪中枢,稳定心态”,还含有南非醉茄的成分,据称可以帮助缓解偶尔出现的压力和焦虑。其他的例子还包括ZzzQuil的“减压+睡眠”(De-stress + Sleep)产品,该产品通过褪黑素和南非醉茄成分来帮助消费者“管理压力,平静大脑”。另外还有新兴的高端品牌,其产品价格更为昂贵,例如Olly的产品Goodbye Stress和Hum Nutrition的产品Big Chill。

心理健康管理依然存在心理和精神治疗资源短缺的问题,但随着创新医疗模式的出现,越来越多的消费者和患者可以从中受益。美国国家行为健康委员会(National Council for Behavioral Health)、美国药剂师协会(American Pharmacists Association)和药店连锁机构沃尔格林(Walgreens)在美国推出了一个试点项目:对药房员工进行心理健康急救方面的培训。该项目旨在改善整体的心理健康状况,药剂师作为医疗专业人员的作用也将会被提升到新的层面。

新技术和数字应用也将持续帮助提升心理健康服务。市场中已经出现了较多的可用来追踪心理健康结果的智能手机应用程序(例如:Moodbeam),另外还有允许患者联系和获取帮助的点对点线上平台。Woebot和Ellie等聊天机器人则能够承担虚拟咨询师的角色,可对使用者的声音、面部表情和非语言交流进行分析,从而帮助减轻精神疾病的症状。精神疾病的其他数字疗法还包括通过以证据为基础、以软件为主导的干预措施来预防和管理疾病。数字疗法的开发与其他健康应用程序不同,而是与药物类似,都必须通过临床研究进行评估,并由医生开具处方。尽管由于缺乏相关的专科医生,此类工具的使用推广进程仍十分缓慢,根据我们的预测,新冠疫情可能会促使这些干预措施被更广范围地使用。

新冠疫情迫使消费者(和专业医护人员)对医疗服务的地点和方式进行反思。疫情期间,医院和基础医疗设施(无论是全科医生还是诊所)被认为是感染热点,且经常面临过多新冠患者涌入的威胁,因此很多其他患者不会选择这些地方进行就医。这些患者要么由于所有可用资源都被用来抗击新冠而无法得到治疗,要么寻求其他(他们认为)更安全或至少更方便的医疗服务(通常通过远程医疗或药房来实现)。

世界卫生组织对远程医疗的定义是“实现医疗服务…使用信息和通信技术在诊断、治疗、疾病和损伤预防、研究和评估以及医疗机构的继续教育等方面进行有效信息的交换,目的是促进个人及其社区的健康”。有证据表明,远程医疗非常方便,而且价格便宜,还能节省时间,减少疾病传播,便于随访,且能惠及更多患者。可见远程医疗的优势非常明显,其使用率在短时间内实现大幅上升也就不足为奇了(图2)。2019年,只有11%的美国消费者使用远程医疗,但到2020年,这一比例上升到46%。在美国的医疗机构中,使用远程医疗服务的患者数量是新冠疫情爆发前的50到175倍

远程医疗十分便利,甚至可以不需要人际接触。人工智能聊天机器人崛起的原因包括:人工智能聊天机器人能够让患者获得24/7全天候的服务、减少人为错误、回答常见问题,还能够引导消费者找到相关服务、产品和人员。

药房提供了另一种更方便的途径以获取医疗产品和服务,其在医疗生态系统中的地位也正在不断提升。这在很大程度上是因为药房的分布最广,是患者最有可能选择的医疗设施。欧洲约有16万家社区药店,每天去药店的人多达4600多万。最近的调查显示,几乎一半的人在治疗日常疾病时会更多地考虑向药剂师寻求建议。根据国家层面的监管政策,越来越多的药房能够进行即时诊断并对诊断结果进行分析,其在新冠疫苗的大规模接种计划中将起到重要作用。

线上药房(例如:英国最大的在线药房Pharmacy2U)也在加速发展,这主要得益于自我隔离的消费者对更便利的电商服务的需求增长。线上药房的其他优势还包括送货上门服务、更广泛的产品选择、可能更低的价格(线上药房无需缴付实体店面的管理费用),以及帮助减轻实体药店的压力。我们预计,随着新冠疫情期间首次使用线上药店的消费者被转化成回头客,线上药店的使用将会得到加速发展。

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telemedicine usage comparison chart
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telemedicine usage comparison chart

新冠疫情改变了一些消费者的医疗需求和行为。为了在“新常态”中取得成功,B2C医疗企业必须重新考量其吸引消费者的方式,并直接或间接通过医疗从业者推广产品和服务。我们认为以下四项措施至关重要:

  1. 消费者教育:新冠病毒引起疾病大流行后,消费者管理自身健康的愿望越来越强烈,并希望根据可靠的信息做出更明智的决定。消费保健品公司可以针对疾病意识、疾病管理以及自身品牌等方面对消费者进行更有效的教育,还可以在药剂师的帮助下提升相关教育的质量,加强面向终端消费者的社交媒体和其他数字渠道。
     
  2. 审视产品组合:消费保健品公司应该对产品和服务组合加以审视,使其符合短期和中期市场趋势。其中包括与疾病预防相关的产品,例如:用于增强免疫力的维生素和膳食补充剂。此外,即使新冠疫情得到控制,仍有一些风险和危机会持续存在,消费者可能会希望通过购买其他疾病预防类产品来缓解焦虑和压力,相关公司应该对该类产品的组合予以关注。
     
  3. 重新考量渠道策略 :新冠疫情对我们的日常生活产生了巨大影响,消费者获取产品和服务的方式已成为人们关注的焦点,远程(数字)医疗服务的兴起和对传统的医生办公室(例如:药房)以外的初级护理设施的日益依赖成为两个重要趋势。新冠疫情期间,电子商务加速实现常态化,消费保健品以及OTC产品也可能会在一定程度上通过电子商务渠道进行销售(当前OTC产品的线上销售额仍不到总销售额的5%)。公司应该建立与线上渠道相关的能力,以满足客户更大的需求。
     
  4. 提高市场营销能力: 公司需要提高数字营销技巧,建立多渠道沟通,以吸引B2B和B2C受众,与之进行互动,并进一步培养客户忠诚度。目前数字渠道选择多,此前还存在提高市场知名度方面的挑战,因此提高市场营销能力能够带来更多竞争优势。

要想成为最后赢家,消费保健品公司必须重新审视其自身战略并迅速创新,而不是坐等疫情最糟糕的时期结束。在一项调查中,只有40%的公司高层强调消费者行为的变化将是他们在后疫情时代最优先考虑的问题,我们希望有更多的公司能够认识到这一点的重要性。

COVID-19 has transformed some consumer healthcare needs and behaviours. To succeed in the ‘new normal’, B2C healthcare companies will have to rethink the ways they engage their consumers, and market their products and services directly and via healthcare practitioner channels. We think the following four actions are critical:

  1. Educate consumers – The pandemic has increased consumers’ desire to take control of their health. They continue to seek reliable information sources to make better and more informed decisions. Consumer healthcare companies could educate their customers more effectively, both in disease awareness and management, as well as about their own brands. They could improve their education sessions with pharmacists and enhance their social media and other digital channels for end consumers.
     
  2. Review product portfolio – Consumer healthcare companies should review portfolios for products and services that will serve the near- and medium-term zeitgeist. These include prevention-focused products such as immune-related VDS or categories that alleviate the anxiety and stress-related effects of the crisis that are likely to persist economically even when the pandemic is under control.
     
  3. Rethink channel strategy – Given its enormous impact on our daily lives, the pandemic has brought into sharp focus the way consumers access products and services. The rise of remote (digital) healthcare delivery and the increasing reliance on primary care settings outside of a typical doctor’s office (e.g. pharmacies) are two important examples. Given the normalisation of e-commerce that has accelerated through the pandemic, we are likely to see this trend translate into consumer healthcare generally, and possibly into OTC products, too, where levels of online purchasing are still less than 5% of total sales. Companies should build online capability to meet the greater demands of customers.
     
  4. Enhance marketing capabilities – Better digital marketing skills and multi-channel communications will be required to attract, engage and drive loyalty from both B2B and B2C audiences. The competitive advantage prize is substantial given the plethora of digital channels now available and the pre-existing challenges in capturing significant share of voice.

The winners will be those companies that take a fresh look at their strategy and innovate now, rather than waiting until the worst of the pandemic is over. In one survey, 40% of business executives highlighted changes in consumer behaviours as their greatest priority post-pandemic. We think that is a low proportion.

Chinese, Simplified

L.E.K.-Galen Growth调研——2020亚太地区医疗行业的数字就绪指数


Chinese, Simplified

中国肿瘤市场的机遇和患者洞察


China is now the second largest pharmaceutical market in the world.1 China’s oncology market alone represents 37% of all lung cancer, 44% of stomach cancer and 52% of liver cancer patients globally.2 Large multinational pharma companies are carrying out initiatives to succeed in the market, and more biotech companies are entering China through either partnerships or greenfield strategies.3 Diagnosis and treatment patterns in China continue to be diverse due to the variation among different levels of hospitals. A comprehensive view of the oncology market is needed to design a winning strategy. In this introduction, we highlight opportunities for international market entrants and provide an overview of the patient and physician landscape in China using LinkDoc’s disease database. The lung cancer market is featured as an illustrative example.

China has led emerging markets in oncology therapeutics spending and growth, growing by 24% in 2018 to reach U.S. $9 billion in spending.4 Furthermore, China has the largest number of cancer patients globally, with 4 million newly diagnosed cancer cases per year in 2018, more than double the number of new cases per year in the U.S.2 In addition, China’s cancer mortality rate is 40% higher than that of the U.S.5 Lung cancer rate, and is the most common cancer type in China, with an overall five-year survival rate of 36%.6 This results in an urgent medical need and continued demand for better lung cancer treatment options in China.

Innovation and reimbursement trends

To address the high cancer disease burden, China has made efforts to drive innovative oncology drug development, which have seen significant results:

  • More than 700 cancer therapeutics from international companies and local Chinese companies underwent nearly 1,500 clinical trials in China between 2009 and 2018.7 Approximately 40% of these cancer therapeutics are targeted small molecules, similar to global market trends.4,7
     
  • Although China had only 10% of the clinical trial volume of the U.S. over the past nine years and its immuno-oncology therapeutics development outside of PD-1/PD-L1 targets is lagging behind the global landscape, recent China policies that enable innovative drug development are expected to further increase the number of clinical trials and innovative immuno-oncology drugs in the future.7,8
     
  • More International Multicenter Clinical Trials are being registered and conducted in China for parallel drug launch in the U.S. and China market.9 Pharma companies now leverage patient resources in China to accelerate enrolment.

As top clinical sites and principal investigators are in high demand, pharma companies need to think about how to strategically design drug development pathways to launch in the China market with first-mover advantage.

Significant increase in volume can take place after reimbursement. For instance, Roche’s revenue has grown at ~28% from 2017 to 2018 with the inclusion of three key products (Herceptin, Avastin and MabThera/Rituxan) on the NRDL in 2017. However, not every reimbursed drug can reach the sales volume necessary to offset the sharp price decline. Therefore, pharma companies with innovative drugs in the China market need to define an appropriate pricing strategy for reimbursement and identify how to optimize the drug’s value proposition after entering the reimbursement list.

Targeting patients

To optimize the value proposition, pharma companies need to be aware of where their target patients are. Given the unequal distribution of healthcare resources in China, lung cancer patients typically go to affluent cities with better hospitals for initial diagnosis and treatment. In Beijing and Shanghai, for example, about 70% and 45% of the respective patient populations are nonresidents.11 Most patients subsequently return to their hometown for ongoing treatment. The percentage of on-time follow-up visits is significantly lower for migrant patients than for local patients (see Figure 1).

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migrant patients who follow up with the original treating hospital
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migrant patients who follow up with the original treating hospital

To ensure patient compliance and to maximize drug efficacy, companies and hospitals need to work together on continuous follow-up with patients, both inside and outside the hospital.

We further examined the patient flow and treatment paradigm for lung cancer. China’s lung cancer patients are diagnosed and treated in different departments, mainly the departments of respiratory medicine, thoracic surgery and oncology. Although physicians in top-tier hospitals are more likely to prescribe Western medicine, it is common for physicians to prescribe traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to complement Western medicine. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients often receive TCM concurrently with Western medicine, with TCM adoption at a high rate of about 90%. Pharma companies need to be aware of the prescribing practices, particularly because there is a lack of robust clinical studies that examine how TCM may affect the efficacy of Western cancer therapies.

With the national precision medicine initiative, physicians also have increased adoption of biomarker testing prior to prescribing targeted or immuno-oncology therapies.12,13 Physicians in leading hospitals decide on the treatment option after evaluating the biomarker test results. However, in lower-level hospitals where the biomarker test adoption rate is low, physicians may prescribe drugs without considering the gene mutations (see Figure 2).

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Biomarker diagnostic tests and therapy types received by advanced NSCLC patients
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Biomarker diagnostic tests and therapy types received by advanced NSCLC patients

The lack of national reimbursement for biomarker tests has been the primary cause of low adoption rates. Promisingly, Beijing’s Medical Security Bureau announced official policies in 2019 to reimburse cancer biomarker testing and other cities may eventually follow suit, with national reimbursement expected in the longer term.14 This may drive higher adoption rates in the future.

Taking the first step

With a significant market size and policies that are increasingly favorable for innovative oncology therapeutics, China presents attractive opportunities for international companies. Although there are some challenges in patient access to and physician awareness of biomarker testing in lower-tier cities, the overall oncology market environment in China continues to mature and improve. To seize the business opportunities in China, innovators should consider the following:

  • How should we organize our drug development strategy in China?
  • Which patient segments should we target based on China’s competitive landscape and our portfolio mix?
  • Which hospitals and physician segments should we prioritize in our go-to-market strategy?
  • How do we optimize drug accessibility and affordability for our target patient population?
  • How do we improve biomarker testing adoption of our companion diagnostics to ensure our therapeutics are reaching the appropriate patient population?
  • What types of real-world evidence are needed to expand the usage of our therapeutic across indications, differentiate itself from existing drugs, and influence key opinion leaders’ behavior?
  • How can we optimize pricing strategies, design of Patient Assistance Programs, and set NRDL negotiation tactics to maximize revenue potential?
  • What is the best mode of entry for a company that is not yet present in the market?


Endnotes
1The Global Use of Medicine in 2019 and Outlook to 2023, IQVIA, 2019 
2Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN), 2018 
3Heading East: Biopharma International Expansion to China and Asia”, L.E.K. Consulting, 2018 
4Global Oncology Trends 2019: Therapeutic, Clinical Development and Health System Implications, IQVIA, 2019 
5Current Cancer Situation in China: Good or Bad News from the 2018 Global Cancer Statistics?”, Cancer Communications, 2019 
6LinkDoc lung cancer database 
7Changes in Clinical Trials of Cancer Drugs in Mainland China Over the Decade 2009–18: A Systematic Review, The Lancet Oncology, 2019  
8L.E.K. analysis of data from Clinicaltrials.gov over 2009-2018 
9Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of National Medical Products Administration (NMPA)
10State Medical Insurance Administration (SMIA) 
11LinkDoc analysis of proprietary Clinical Data
12The Promise of Precision Medicine in Asia-Pacific”, L.E.K. Consulting, 2019
13Unlocking the Opportunities for Companion Diagnostics in Asia-Pacific”, L.E.K. Consulting, 2019
14Announcement on Price Regulations for Medical Services Including Pathology”, Beijing Medical Security Bureau, 2018

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风起云涌的动力电池市场:如何能够脱颖而出?(EN)


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解读液体活检:临床应用,技术以及企业


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Liquid biopsy applications
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Liquid biopsy applications

While therapy guidance is the leading application today, monitoring and early detection are expected to represent the most sizable and impactful applications in the future. Early detection has the potential to downstage cancer detection, enabling definitive intervention (e.g., full tumor resection), and could become a routine part of health checks, similar to mammograms and colonoscopies. Monitoring applications are myriad and have the potential to reduce the current dependence on imaging, as well as potentially detect recurrence or resistance earlier than traditional approaches, again enabling earlier intervention or changes in management.

In aggregate, analysts estimate the market potential for liquid biopsy applications to represent tens of billions of dollars, making liquid biopsy one of the most scalable opportunities diagnostic companies have encountered in decades.

Multiple liquid biopsy techniques exist

Central to liquid biopsy techniques is the capture and analysis of tumor-derived particles, which may include nucleic acids, proteins, exosomes, nucleosomes and cells. Since tumors divide, die, communicate and migrate, it is possible to find traces of their existence in biofluids. However, since these tumor-derived particles are typically rare, analytical approaches require very high sensitivity (NGS or digital PCR) or upfront enrichment (e.g., CTC cell capture).

There are multiple technologies used in liquid biopsy (enrichment and analysis), and it appears diverse approaches (and combinations thereof) may be required to address the breadth of potential applications (see Figure 2). Among all techniques, the combination of deep sequencing circulating tumor DNA or “ctDNA” using next-generation sequencing (NGS) represents the majority of current activity, but targeted (qPCR, digital PCR) approaches to measuring ctDNA are also being leveraged.

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Overview of liquid biopsy techniques
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Overview of liquid biopsy techniques

Beyond ctDNA, there is also significant activity in capturing and analyzing exosomes (vesicles involved in cell messaging), nucleosomes (chromosomal DNA packaging units) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as these contain a broader selection of tumor-derived analytes — including DNA, RNA and proteins — and may bring deeper insight into cancer biology versus ctDNA alone. While not based on detecting tumor-derived particles, capturing and analyzing immune cells is also emerging as a complementary technique in liquid biopsy and may be relevant in early cancer detection, as well as in guiding and managing patients on immunotherapy.

The competitive landscape is broad and dynamic

To date, we have identified over 30 different liquid biopsy competitors (see Figure 3). And while each competitor may have unique differentiators and offerings, we have attempted to categorize them into distinct segments based on a mix of technique/technology and current application focus.

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overview of liquid biopsy competitors
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overview of liquid biopsy competitors

Differentiation in the nascent clinical liquid biopsy space today appears to be driven by a mix of technology (e.g., sequencing chemistry, cell capture technology and informatics) and investment in clinical trials/data to support utility. Commercial differentiation is minimal as few companies have reached the scale where this represents a meaningful differentiator. The intellectual property landscape is also dynamic and expected to support company differentiation in the future.

Looking across the competitive landscape, we define the following clusters:

Early detection using ctDNA. Probably the most exciting segment (given its potential to impact health screening in the general population) includes various players seeking to develop offerings in early cancer detection and screening.

Competitors in this segment are expected to differentiate with clinical data to support test utility. Clinical studies for the general screening population are likely to be massive (~100K patients) in scale and require significant longitudinal analysis.

Grail is the poster child in the early detection space, having raised $1 billion in VC funding and recently embarked on a 120,000 patient study for early breast cancer detection. Many others are eyeing the early detection space, and some may ease their way into the general population applications through trials in at-risk patients, or as a reflex to other screening methods (e.g., low-dose CT, fecal occult blood).

Therapy guidance using ctDNA. This segment is the most crowded and is seeing actual clinical application today in metastatic patients. There is a core group of players deploying NGS-based liquid biopsy panels to support therapy guidance in biopsy-constrained situations. The clear front-runner here is Guardant Health, but many other competitors — several of which also play in the solid-tumor panel NGS space (e.g., Foundation Medicine, Personal Genome Dx) or have some differentiating technology enabling higher sensitivity or smaller sample input amounts — are also present.

Many traditional oncology diagnostics companies (e.g., Roche, Qiagen) have targeted single-gene tests based on PCR in the therapy guidance space, including regulated kits for companion diagnostic biomarkers such as EGFR. Players in this space are also likely to transition into monitoring applications for tested patients (looking at resistance or recurrence in treated metastatic patients).

Particles and cells (exosomes, nucleosomes, CTCs and immune cells). This is a heterogeneous segment developing varied clinical applications based on analysis of captured particles or cells. In some instances, competitors are enabling existing biomarkers to be measured from blood (e.g., Biocept, Exosome Dx) whereas others are developing novel content (e.g., Epic in prostate cancer and Cynvenio in breast cancer).

Epic is unique in that they do not enrich CTCs; rather, they image cells in a monolayer. Epic has focused efforts on prostate cancer and recently launched an ARV7 test to guide prostate cancer treatment. Cynvenio is interesting in that they are combining multiple techniques for their breast cancer recurrence monitoring test, which includes ctDNA and CTC DNA sequencing, as well as NK cell enumeration. Oncocyte is focused on blood-based immune cell function analysis. Another group of competitors in this space offers tools for CTC capture using various approaches, but is not focused on specific applications.

Significant opportunities lie ahead

The market opportunity associated with liquid biopsy represents one of the largest and most dynamic diagnostics/healthcare opportunities. While we are excited about the market potential and clinical utility, we urge pharma stakeholders, tools companies, diagnostic developers and other market stakeholders to carefully consider the impact liquid biopsy may have on the oncology landscape and what it will take to play and win.

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P.E. Report Cover

运筹帷幄,把握先机——中国企业携手私募股权基金对外投资指南


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Mobility as a Service

出行服务的颠覆—中国出行行业展望


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